Overview of Oculo-Plastic Surgery
Any surgery performed to correct deformities and / or malformations of the eyes and surrounding components may be called oculoplastic surgery. It includes structures such as the bony orbit of the eye, the eyelids and tear ducts, as well as the cheeks and skin in the adjacent area.
A combination of reconstruction and plastic surgery can be performed by specialist ophthalmologists or eye surgeons to restore the function and shape of the tissues involved. Oculoplastic procedures can be classified as functional and reconstructive operations of the eyelids, operations of the tear duct and cosmetic surgical and non-surgical operations.
Directions
There are many conditions that justify oculoplastic surgery. Lesions or abnormalities of the eye itself, eyebrows, eyelids, orbits, cheeks and forehead are the main indications for oculoplastic surgery. Facial or forehead abnormalities include cancers and growths around or in the eyes, ptosis (that is, drooping eyelids), weakness of the facial muscles caused by conditions such as Bell's palsy, or eye problems from diseases such as Grave's disease.
Functional and reconstructive eyelid surgery
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Functional and reconstructive oculoplastic surgery focuses on the treatment and correction of ptosis,
poorly positioned eyelids, reconstruction of the eyelids after injuries, eyelid injuries and Bell's palsy.
Ptosis can be congenital or acquired due to conditions such as old age or long-term use of
contact lenses as well as cervical plexus lesions.
Approaches considered for the correction of ptosis they depend on the extent of the eyelid fall, and most patients recover fairly quickly from surgery.
Improperly positioned eyelids can be seen as turning (i.e. entropion) or outward (i.e. ectropion) of the eyelids. This requires surgery to return the eyelids to their physiological position in order to function normally. which protects the surface of the eyes. Removal of tumors from the eyelids, or injuries resulting from trauma, are often indications for functional and reconstructive surgery of the eyelids with the help of tissue grafts and flaps. Cysts, urticaria, moles and skin tags are among the most common benign lesions that require removal from the eyelids. In patients with Bell's palsy, damage to the seventh cranial nerve can lead to weakness of the face, affecting unilaterally or bilaterally. the ability to blink and close the eyelids. Both surgical and non-surgical techniques can be used for improve eyelid function as well as symptoms.
Tear canal obstruction
Surgery of the lacrimal or lacrimal ducts is necessary when there are lesions of permeability or canal obstruction, which drains the surfaces of the eyes. Some patients may have obstruction of the tear ducts for many years without major signs, but there is a significantly increased risk of abscess formation and acute tear sac infection.
If, for example, there is an acute tear sac infection, then antibiotics are given for about a week. This may be followed by surgery to treat the obstruction of the tear duct that usually opens into the nasal cavity. A new passage is created here so that the tears can flow easily
Surgical and non-surgical cosmetic operations
Cosmetic surgery can be used for blepharoplasty, which is done to repair the shape and tone of the sagging eyelids. we lose weight as we age. Loose muscle, bulging fat and excess skin can be removed to achieve the desired effect - a younger look.
In addition to blepharoplasty, there is also a facelift of the eyebrows and forehead, as well as an improvement in the crease of the eyelids. Patients who opt for non-surgical cosmetic routes may use dermal fillers (eg hyaluronic gels), neuromodulators (eg Botox) and injectable fat grafts and / or face abdomen transfers.
